International Journal of History

Hinduism ,the third-largest major religion in the world, known as Sanatan Dharma, which believes in the theory of karma, the universal law of cause and effect. It emphasizes the purity of five elements: space, air, fire, water, and earth, and advocates for the protection of the Earth, which is considered Mother Earth. Sanatan Dharma promotes the concept of sustainable development and remains relevant even in the modern era in achieving sustainable development goals. The rich literature of Hinduism discusses the worship of nature in all its manifestations. Beliefs in the concept of Parivar and Pariyavaran refer to the peaceful coexistence of all living beings, the cosmos, and nature.

In the present days, environmental science and ecology have become a broader discipline in the modern sciences, but they can be traced long back from the Vedic and ancient Sanskrit literature such as the concept of Pancha Mahabhutas, Vasudev Kutumbakam, Principle of Ecology in Protection of Flora and Fauna, etc. This paper attempts to find out the emphasis on nature in the Sanatana Dharma and how Sanatana Dharma’s awareness on nature is still relevant in the modern day in order to curb all the environmental issues and to attain sustainable development goals.